The Endocrine System

This system uses HORMONES as CHEMICAL MESSENGERS to communicate within the body.

• HORMONES are chemical molecules which are produced by ENDOCRINE GLANDS and released into the BLOODSTREAM.
• The blood CARRIES the hormone to TARGET ORGANS where it produces an EFFECT.
• HORMONAL responses are generally SLOWER but have LONGER LASTING effects when compared to NERVOUS responses (by the nervous system).

ENDOCRINE GLANDS AND THEIR FUNCTIONS:

• PITUITARY GLAND: Known as the 'MASTER GLAND,' it produces SEVERAL hormones that regulate body conditions. These hormones influences OTHER GLANDS to stimulate OTHER HORMONES to be released to bring about effects.
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• THYROID: Produces THYROXINE, which is crucial for regulating metabolism, heart rate, and temperature.
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• ADRENAL GLAND: Produces ADRENALINE, for the 'fight or flight' response in times of danger or stress.
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• PANCREAS: Produces INSULIN and GLUCAGON which regulate blood glucose levels.
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• OVARIES (Females only): Produce OESTROGEN, important for the menstrual cycle.
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• TESTES (Males only): Produce TESTOSTERONE, which controls puberty and sperm production.