AQA GCSE Chemistry Revision

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1. Atomic structure and the periodic table

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4.1.1.1Atoms, elements and compounds
4.1.1.2Mixtures
4.1.1.3The development of the model of the atom (common content with physics)
4.1.1.4Relative electrical charges of subatomic particles
4.1.1.5Size and mass of atoms
4.1.1.6Relative atomic mass
4.1.1.7Electronic structure

4.1.2.1The periodic table
4.1.2.2Development of the periodic table
4.1.2.3Metals and non-metals
4.1.2.4Group 0
4.1.2.5Group 1
4.1.2.6Group 7

4.1.3.1Comparison with Group 1 elements
4.1.3.2Typical properties

2. Bonding, structure, and the properties of matter

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4.2.1.1Chemical bonds
4.2.1.2Ionic bonding
4.2.1.3Ionic compounds
4.2.1.4Covalent bonding
4.2.1.5Metallic bonding

4.2.2.1The three states of matter
4.2.2.2State symbols
4.2.2.3Properties of ionic compounds
4.2.2.4Properties of small molecules
4.2.2.5Polymers
4.2.2.6Giant covalent structures
4.2.2.7Properties of metals and alloys
4.2.2.8Metals as conductors

4.2.3.1Diamond
4.2.3.2Graphite
4.2.3.3Graphene and fullerenes

4.2.4.1Sizes of particles and their properties
4.2.4.2Uses of nanoparticles

3. Quantitative chemistry

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4.3.1.1Conservation of mass and balanced chemical equations
4.3.1.2Relative formula mass
4.3.1.3Mass changes when a reactant or product is a gas
4.3.1.4Chemical measurements

4.3.2.1Moles (HT only)
4.3.2.2Amounts of substances in equations (HT only)
4.3.2.3Using moles to balance equations (HT only)
4.3.2.4Limiting reactants (HT only)
4.3.2.5Concentration of solutions

4.3.3.1Percentage yield
4.3.3.2Atom economy

4.3.4.0Using concentrations of solutions in mol/dm3 (chemistry only)

4.3.5.0Use of amount of substance in relation to volumes of gases

4. Chemical changes

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4.4.1.1Metal oxides
4.4.1.2The reactivity series
4.4.1.3Extraction of metals and reduction
4.4.1.4Oxidation and reduction in terms of electrons (HT only)

4.4.2.1Reactions of acids with metals
4.4.2.2Neutralisation of acids and salt production
4.4.2.3Soluble salts
RPA1Required Practical: Making Salts
4.4.2.4The pH scale and neutralisation
4.4.2.5Titrations (chemistry only)
RPA2Required Practical: Titrations
4.4.2.6Strong and weak acids (HT only)

4.4.3.1The process of electrolysis
4.4.3.2Electrolysis of molten ionic compounds
4.4.3.3Using electrolysis to extract metals
4.4.3.4Electrolysis of aqueous solutions
RPA3Required Practical: Electrolysis
4.4.3.5Representation of reactions at electrodes as half equations (HT only)

5. Energy changes

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4.5.1.1Energy transfer during exothermic and endothermic reactions
RPA4Required Practical: Energy Changes
4.5.1.2Reaction profiles
4.5.1.3The energy change of reactions (HT only)

4.5.2.1Cells and batteries
4.5.2.2Fuel cells

6. The rate and extent of chemical change

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4.6.1.1Calculating rates of reactions
4.6.1.2Factors which affect the rates of chemical reactions
RPA5Required Practical: Rates of Reaction
4.6.1.3Collision theory and activation energy
Quiz — Collision theory and activation energy
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4.6.1.4Catalysts

4.6.2.1Reversible reactions
4.6.2.2Energy changes and reversible reactions
4.6.2.3Equilibrium
4.6.2.4The effect of changing conditions on equilibrium (HT only)
4.6.2.5The effect of changing concentration (HT only)
4.6.2.6The effect of temperature changes on equilibrium (HT only)
4.6.2.7The effect of pressure changes on equilibrium (HT only)

7. Organic chemistry

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4.7.1.1Crude oil, hydrocarbons and alkanes
4.7.1.2Fractional distillation and petrochemicals
4.7.1.3Properties of hydrocarbons
4.7.1.4Cracking and alkenes

4.7.2.1Structure and formulae of alkenes
4.7.2.2Reactions of alkenes
4.7.2.3Alcohols
4.7.2.4Carboxylic acids

4.7.3.1Addition polymerisation
4.7.3.2Condensation polymerisation (HT only)
4.7.3.3Amino acids (HT only)
4.7.3.4DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and other naturally occurring polymers

8. Chemical analysis

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4.8.1.1Pure substances
4.8.1.2Formulations
4.8.1.3Chromatography
RPA6Required Practical: Chromatography

4.8.2.1Test for hydrogen
4.8.2.2Test for oxygen
4.8.2.3Test for carbon dioxide
4.8.2.4Test for chlorine

4.8.3.1Flame tests
4.8.3.2Metal hydroxides
4.8.3.3Carbonates
4.8.3.4Halides
4.8.3.5Sulfates
RPA7Required Practical: Test for Ions
4.8.3.6Instrumental methods
4.8.3.7Flame emission spectroscopy

9. Chemistry of the atmosphere

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4.9.1.1The proportions of different gases in the atmosphere
4.9.1.2The Earth's early atmosphere
4.9.1.3How oxygen increased
4.9.1.4How carbon dioxide decreased

4.9.2.1Greenhouse gases
4.9.2.2Human activities which contribute to an increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere
4.9.2.3Global climate change
4.9.2.4The carbon footprint and its reduction

4.9.3.1Atmospheric pollutants from fuels
4.9.3.2Properties and effects of atmospheric pollutants

10. Using resources

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4.10.1.1Using the Earth's resources and sustainable development
4.10.1.2Potable water
RPA8Required Practical: Analysis and Purification of Water
4.10.1.3Waste water treatment
4.10.1.4Alternative methods of extracting metals (HT only)

4.10.2.1Life cycle assessment
4.10.2.2Ways of reducing the use of resources

4.10.3.1Corrosion and its prevention
4.10.3.2Alloys as useful materials
4.10.3.3Ceramics, polymers and composites

4.10.4.1The Haber process
4.10.4.2Production and uses of NPK fertilisers

11. Key ideas

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