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Sexual and Asexual Reproduction
SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
- SEXUAL REPRODUCTION involves TWO parents (a FATHER and a MOTHER) combining their genetic material to produce offspring with GENETICALLY DIFFERENT cells from themselves.
- Each parent contributes GAMETES (Sex Cells) .
- ANIMAL gametes are SPERM and EGG cells.
- Gametes in FLOWERING PLANTS are POLLEN and EGG cells.
- Gametes are FORMED through a process called MEIOSIS.
- Human gametes carry 23 CHROMOSOMES each, HALF the number found in normal body cells.
- When an egg and a sperm combine during FERTILISATION, the resulting fertilised egg (called a zygote), has the FULL set of chromosomes: half from each parent.
- This process results in offspring inheriting a MIXTURE OF CHROMOSOMES and therefore a mix of features from both parents, introducing GENETIC VARIATION.
ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION
- ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION involves only ONE parent, leading to offspring that are GENETICALLY IDENTICAL to that parent, known as CLONES.
- It occurs through MITOSIS, where an ordinary cell divides to form two new cells with the same genetic makeup.
- In asexual reproduction, there is NO FUSION OF GAMETES and NO MIXING OF CHROMOSOMES which means there is NO GENETIC VARIATION between the parent and offspring.
COMPARISON BETWEEN SEXUAL AND ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION
- SEXUAL REPRODUCTION introduces VARIATION and can occur in many organisms, including animals and flowering plants, which use pollen as a form of sperm.
- ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION can be seen in bacteria and some plants, where it serves as a RAPID and EFFICIENT means of increasing population numbers.
Sexual and Asexual Reproduction
SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
- SEXUAL REPRODUCTION involves TWO parents (a FATHER and a MOTHER) combining their genetic material to produce offspring with GENETICALLY DIFFERENT cells from themselves.
- Each parent contributes GAMETES (Sex Cells) .
- ANIMAL gametes are SPERM and EGG cells.
- Gametes in FLOWERING PLANTS are POLLEN and EGG cells.
- Gametes are FORMED through a process called MEIOSIS.
- Human gametes carry 23 CHROMOSOMES each, HALF the number found in normal body cells.
- When an egg and a sperm combine during FERTILISATION, the resulting fertilised egg (called a zygote), has the FULL set of chromosomes: half from each parent.
- This process results in offspring inheriting a MIXTURE OF CHROMOSOMES and therefore a mix of features from both parents, introducing GENETIC VARIATION.
ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION
- ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION involves only ONE parent, leading to offspring that are GENETICALLY IDENTICAL to that parent, known as CLONES.
- It occurs through MITOSIS, where an ordinary cell divides to form two new cells with the same genetic makeup.
- In asexual reproduction, there is NO FUSION OF GAMETES and NO MIXING OF CHROMOSOMES which means there is NO GENETIC VARIATION between the parent and offspring.
COMPARISON BETWEEN SEXUAL AND ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION
- SEXUAL REPRODUCTION introduces VARIATION and can occur in many organisms, including animals and flowering plants, which use pollen as a form of sperm.
- ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION can be seen in bacteria and some plants, where it serves as a RAPID and EFFICIENT means of increasing population numbers.
