Hydrocarbons
Hydrocarbons
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Hydrocarbons are compounds made up of CARBON and HYDROGEN atoms ONLY. They have different properties that can change with the size of their molecules. These properties include:
This is the TEMPERATURE at which a substance changes from a liquid to a gas.
As the molecular size increases, the INTERMOLECULAR FORCES between the molecules INCREASES. This means that MORE ENERGY is needed to break these forces, resulting in HIGHER BOILING POINTS.
Viscosity refers to how THICK a liquid is in comparison to water.
With hydrocarbons, the LARGER the molecules, the HIGHER the viscosity.
This is the ability of a substance to CATCH FIRE or IGNITE.
SMALLER hydrocarbon molecules tend to be MORE FLAMMABLE compared to larger ones.
When hydrocarbons are used as FUELS, these properties affect how they are utilised. For example:
During COMBUSTION, which is the process of burning, hydrocarbons RELEASE ENERGY.
Complete combustion means that the hydrocarbon reacts with OXYGEN to form CARBON DIOXIDE and WATER. Here is an example:
Hydrocarbons are compounds made up of CARBON and HYDROGEN atoms ONLY. They have different properties that can change with the size of their molecules. These properties include:
This is the TEMPERATURE at which a substance changes from a liquid to a gas.
As the molecular size increases, the INTERMOLECULAR FORCES between the molecules INCREASES. This means that MORE ENERGY is needed to break these forces, resulting in HIGHER BOILING POINTS.
Viscosity refers to how THICK a liquid is in comparison to water.
With hydrocarbons, the LARGER the molecules, the HIGHER the viscosity.
This is the ability of a substance to CATCH FIRE or IGNITE.
SMALLER hydrocarbon molecules tend to be MORE FLAMMABLE compared to larger ones.
When hydrocarbons are used as FUELS, these properties affect how they are utilised. For example:
During COMBUSTION, which is the process of burning, hydrocarbons RELEASE ENERGY.
Complete combustion means that the hydrocarbon reacts with OXYGEN to form CARBON DIOXIDE and WATER. Here is an example:
